My Last Duchess by Robert Browning.... Summary & Analysis

 Summary and Analysis

 Summary

My Last Duchess by Robert Browning

The popular poem "My Last Duchess" was composed by Robert Browning. It was first published in 1842 in his Dramatic Lyrics. The poem is a dramatic monologue written in 28 rhyming couplets. It is written in iambic pentameter. A dramatic monologue is a kind of soliloquy in which only one person speaks throughout the poem. The poem is a conversation between the Duke of Ferrara and the ambassador. The only speaker in the poem is Duke of Ferrara. In this poem, Duke is talking to the ambassador who has brought a proposal of marriage to the Duke of Ferrara. Duke tells him about his last duchess who was very kind, virtuous and generous. The narrator of the poem is the Duke of Ferrara. 

Analysis

Stanza--1

In this stanza, the duke is talking to the ambassador who has brought a proposal of marriage for him. The Duke shows him the portrait of his last Duchess. This portrait is painted by Fra Pandolf. He has completed this portrait in a day. In this portrait, Duchess seems to be alive. Fra Pandolf is a very talented painter. The Duke appreciates the painting of his last duchess. When the ambassador sees the portrait, a question comes in his mind but the Duke understands his question before his asking. Because the same question had been asked to the duke by many other visitors.

The Duchess had liveliness on her face and had a shine in her eyes. The duke says that most of the visitors ask him the same question as the ambassador wants to ask after seeing the portrait. He is not the first person to ask this question. The Duke tells him that his last duchess was very kind and innocent. He felt lucky of having such a nice wife but she had also a weakness in his character. She was so generous that she could smile at the least favour done to her. So the duke did not like her such type of behaviour. He was very dictatorial. 

Stanza--2

The duke is talking to the ambassador. He appreciates his last duchess by saying that she was very beautiful. She was so gorgeous that no painter could paint her charming beauty by his art and brush easily. He felt very lucky to have such a beautiful wife but she was so kind that she could be impressed very easily by an ordinary person. Therefore the duke did not like her. She could not keep the difference between the duke and another admirer. She behaved in same manners to both whether it was the duke or another foolish admirer. She responded in the same way after getting gifts from other ordinary persons as she responded to him when he offered him some costly gifts of ornament. She forgot the dignity of a duchess and gave equal smile to all these admirers. Therefore the duke did not like her cheap behaviour. She should have the dignity of a duchess. 

Stanza--3

The Duke further says that he did not like her excessive kindness for ordinary people. It was not good for the honour of a royal family. She could destroy the nine hundred years old honour of his royal family. She was unable to differentiate between the duke and his servants. The duke could not bear such a silly behaviour of his wife. She behaved the same with other ordinary people as she behaved with the duke. He asked her to improve her manners but she was unable to do it. So he decided to put her to death. Because she was intolerant for him. 

Stanza--4

In this stanza, the duke points out that the duchess in the portrait seems to be alive. There is a smile on her face in the portrait but in reality, all her smiles stopped after killing her. The duke further tells the ambassador about his nine hundred years old reputation. He demands dowry in a very cunning manner by saying that a big amount of dowry will suit his reputation. When the duke reaches on the ground floor, he shows him the statue of Neptune(Sea-God) riding a sea horse.

The duke tells him that it is prepared by Claus of Innsbruck. The duke shows him this statue as a symbol of his strict nature. The duke tells him that he is very strict in his nature and will not tolerate the cheap manners of his future wife. He indirectly advises him that his future wife would also meet the same end if she behaves like his last duchess. Thus the poem is rich in the element of human psychology. The language of the poem is coarse and rude. But the style is charming and musical. Overall the poem is one of the best poems of Browning.

                                                                                                                  

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On The Late Massacre in Piedmont by John Milton..summary|analysis

On The Late Massacre in Piedmont by John Milton..summary|analysis

On The Late Massacre in Piedmont by John Milton.

Summary

The sonnet"On The Late Massacre in Piedmont" was composed by John Milton. He was a great English poet. It was written after the massacre of the Vaudois by their ruler, Duke of Savoy.(Savoy is in the south-east of France on the Italian border). Milton wrote this poem to express his anger and sorrow on the killing of innocent people. This incident occurred in April 1655 during the reign of Charles Emmanuel 2, Duke of Savoy. Duke of Savoy forced the Vaudois to accept Roman Catholic religion.

He forced them to leave the country within three days. After three days he ordered to kill them and capture their property. The situation was very bad at that time. Innocent people were murdered and hurled down the hills. Women were killed with their children. After knowing the news of the massacre, Milton planned a very strong protest against it and gave his angry expressions in the sonnet " On The Late Massacre in Piedmont". 

In this poem, the poet prays God to punish the cruel people and their ruler who murdered three hundred innocent people mercilessly. The poet says that those people were true martyrs who sacrificed their lives for their religion. In the end, the poet prays God that thousands of people may grow out of the ashes of these brave martyrs to spread true religion. 

On The Late Massacre in Piedmont---Analysis

Stanza--1

Avenge,---------------forget not.

In this stanza, the poet expresses his anger on the cruel killing of innocent people on the name of religion. According to the poet, the people who were murdered were true saints because they preferred to die in place of giving up their religion. Their bones are spread here and there on a snow-covered Alps mountain. They believed in their religion even when their forefathers were worshipers of idols. The poet again prays God that he should give attention to these people because they were tortured and murdered mercilessly. He should punish those people who took part in killing them. 

Stanza--2

In Thy book----------------------they to heaven.

In this stanza, the poet prays God that he should listen to the cries of children who were killed with their mothers mercilessly. Just because they did not give up their religion. Here Milton appeals to God that he should note down the cries of those people in his book of judgement. The poet further says that the heart touching cries of those murdered people re-echoed in the valleys. The sound also reached to the sky. The poet says that God should hear the sad sound of those people who were thrown from the hills with their children mercilessly. He should never forgive them for their cruel act. 

Stanza--3 

Their martyr'd----------------Babylonian woe.

In this stanza, the poet says that the sacrifices of those people who were killed for their religion would not go in vain. The poet says that the blood of these martyrs sow the seeds of Protestantism. and out of which the Protestant faith will grow and spread everywhere in Italy. The triple tyrant symbolizes her three sides crown wore by the Pope. According to Milton thousands of Protestants will born and spread their religion. Milton also believed in Protestant religion. According to Milton, they will save Babylon from sorrow and sufferings.Thus it is a Italian sonnet. The rhyme scheme is abba, abba, cdc, cdc. The poem expresses the anger of Milton against the killer of innocent people. 

                                                                                                                  

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On His Blindness by John Milton..Summary & Analysis

On His Blindness by Milton..Summary & Analysis

Summary

 On His Blindness by John Milton

The famous poem "On His Blindness" is one of the best poems composed by John Milton. It is in the form of a sonnet written over the loss of his eyesight at the early age of 44. It is also considered his personal sonnet. It was first published in his "1673 Poems". Milton was a thoughtful and hardworking person. He played an important role in the civil war. He was a big supporter of Cromwell. As a poet and supporter of Cromwell, he wrote many pamphlets to educate people. But unfortunately, he lost his eyesight at the early age of 44. Therefore his literary career was almost destroyed. 

The poet was very sad after the loss of his eyesight at an important age. He did not know how to use his poetic talent without his eyesight. Thus the poem "On His Blindness" is a sort of lamentation over the loss of his eyesight at the early age of 44. The poet was shocked when he saw the world in the dark. He was very depressed at the loss of his eyesight. Thus the poem was composed by the poet after the loss of his eyesight. He expresses his feelings at the loss of his eyesight in this poem. The poet wants to use his poetic talent in the service of God but he does not know how to use it.

The poet asks himself if the god need service from human beings but very soon he replies himself that God need not any type of service from human beings. As there are thousands of angels present in his service. The subject matter of the poem is sublime and diction is of high quality. In the first six lines, the poet complains for the injustice of God but in the next five lines he changes his thought and surrenders himself in the service of God. There is no pause at the end of either the first stanza or the eighth line. The rhyme scheme of the poem is abba, abba, cdc, cdc. It has 14 lines. The poem has the seriousness of thought. 

Analysis ----

When I consider--------------------returning chide

Stanza--1

In this stanza, the poet expresses his sorrow over the loss of his eyesight at early age of 44. The poet has deprived of his eyesight before spending half of his life. He blames God for the injustice of God towards him. The poet says that now he can not use his poetic talent properly without his eyesight. He wants to use his poetic talent in the service of God. But God has deprived him of the opportunity of using his poetic gifts properly.

Therefore he is sad. The poet is also sad when he thinks about the dark world. According to the poet if his poetic talent remains unused it would be like spiritual death for him. He can not hide his poetic talent. Thus to save himself from poetic death he is very excited to use his poetic talent in the service of God. He says that he wants to present before God his truthful account of his works but he is not able to perform his duties well without his eyesight.

Stanza--2

Doth God --------------serve Him best.

In this stanza, the poet changes his thought for God. He asks himself if God requires him to work without his eyesight. But at the very moment, his inner voice answers him that God does not want the use of gifts given by him. He only wants faithfulness and obedience from his people. The poet further says that God loves those who carry out his orders and suffer the burden of life without any complaint. They are his best servants.

Stanza--3

Is kingly;----------------only stand and wait

In this stanza, the poet justifies the ways of God. He says that God does not require work from anyone. He is present everywhere. He is the master of this world. Thousands of angels are present at his service every moment. They wait for his command peacefully. His faithful angels listen to his command patiently and move about in heaven and on earth to complete his orders. They always are ready for his command. Therefore God doesn't need any service from human beings.

He is too powerful to do his works. The poet further says that the people who suffer the problems of life peacefully also serve him better and those who stand at his gate for his command patiently and wait for their turn also serve him. They are rewarded by God. Thus the poem has a personal note. The poem has a universal appeal. It has grand style and serious thought. The biblical allusions are used in the poem artistically. The poet expresses his feelings in the poem remarkably.

                                                                                                                  

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Ode on a Grecian Urn...by Keats..Summary&analysis

Ode on a Grecian Urn...by Keats....Summary&analysis

The popular poem "Ode on a Grecian Urn" was composed by John Keats in 1819. The poet was very much impressed after seeing the beautiful urn that was belonged to Lord Holland. The beautiful artistic pictures were engraved on it. Thus the poet was very much inspired to compose this poem after seeing the beauty of urn. 

Keats is known as a great lover of Greek art and culture. As a result, the poet composed this beautiful ode on Grecian Urn. He calls the Grecian urn bride who is pure still. It is a symbol of quietness. There are many pictures of Greek culture and art engraved on it. There are young lovers who are following their beloved in the pictures. There is a picture of a boy who is playing the flute under the tree. A singer is also singing his sweet song under the tree.

The poet believes that the leaves of the tree where the singer is singing will never shed their leaves. Because they will always enjoy his songs. The is also a picture of a large number of people engraved on it. Those people are going to attend a religious ceremony. Therefore their village will be empty forever because they will never return to their village. Thus the poet is very much impressed to see the beautiful pictures of men, women, leaves trees and musician engraved on the Grecian Urn. 

Ode on a Grecian Urn...analysis 

Stanza--1

In the first stanza, the poet says that the Grecian Urn is as quiet as-pure bride. It is kept in one place for a number of years. It seems to the poet like a foster child of silence and time. It is standing very quietly at one place for many places. And time has passed so slowly that it can not destroy the beauty of Grecian Urn. 

It seems o the poet like a historian who tells the story of the past through his pictures engraved on it. In fact, it tells the stories of Greek life. The poet is very excited to know about the art of Grecian Urn whether it is related to the valley of Arcady or Tempe. He also wants to know about the pictures carved on it whether it is of ordinary people or Gods. He also wants to know about the lovers who are pursuing their beloved. 

Stanza--2

In the second stanza, the poet expresses his feelings about music. He says that the music we hear by our ears is very sweet but the music which we hear through our imagination is sweeter and stable. Our soul is also connected with it strongly. The poet further asks the magician carved on the Grecian Urn that they should continue their music.

Thus the poet feels silent joy by their silent sweet music. The poet says that the boy who plays the flute under a tree will never stop to play his flute and the tree will never shed its leaves. The lover who tries to kiss his beloved will try always to kiss her. Thus he will always love her. 

Stanza--3

In this stanza, the poet expresses his thought on the stability and permanence of ancient art and culture. He says that the trees carved on the urn will enjoy always the spring because they will never shed their leaves. The singer will never stop his singing and his song will always be melodious and fresh. And the love of lover towards his beloved will never change with time. 

Stanza--4

In this stanza, the poet describes another picture carved on the Urn. It is a picture of a number of people who are going to make the sacrifice of a calf on some green alter. A priest is also going to lead them. The soft sides of the calf are decorated with flowers. The poet says that the town or village of those people will be empty forever. 

There will be no one to tell the reason of emptiness of the village because nobody will come back. The poet wants to know about the town out of which the people have come. The poet is very curious to know whether the town is situated by a river or on the sea-shore, or it is built on a hilltop with a fort in its midst. According to the poet, art has made the life of those people immortal. 

Stanza--5

In the last stanza, the poet says that there are pictures of forest trees, trodden weeds, men and women carved on it. It is a beautiful piece of Greek art. according to the poet, the silent shape of the urn confuses our minds deeply. We are unable to understand the feelings expressed in the pictures of urn completely. We can not understand the real nature of eternity. 

Now Keats calls the urn 'Cold Patoral'. It means that the poet wants to say that it is not a living thing. It is a piece of marble with rural scenes carved on it beautifully. According to the poet it will live in the midst of future generations and try to give them a message that beauty and truth are the same things. To understand this thought is enough for them to relief from their pain and suffering.  

                                                                                                                  

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Ode to Autumn|Summary|Keats

Ode to Autumn by John Keats...Summary

Ode to Autumn by keats

The poem"Ode to Autumn" was composed by the famous poet John Keats in 1819. The poet describes the beauty of the Autumn season in this ode. The main theme of this ode is fulfilment. The poet describes autumn as a harvester, as a tired reaper, as a gleaner and as a cider- presser. 

Ode to Autumn by John Keats...Summary

Stanza--1

According to the poet, Autumn is a season of fulfilment. It is a season of ripening the fruits. There are trees covered with ripe fruits. These trees are bent with the weight of fruits. Poet is looking apple trees in the garden near the cottage which is covered with moss. The trees have ripened fruits. It is a season for blooming colourful flowers. The bees are very happy this season. The bees taste sweet juice of the flowers. Their honeycombs are filled with enough honey.

It seems to the poet that the sun is helping autumn in ripening the fruits. Keats is a lover of nature. he expresses his keen observation of nature in the poem effectively. The vine creepers are also very happy with the loaded bunches of grapes. Thus the poet expresses the importance of the autumn season beautifully. There is everywhere the feelings of fulfilment and maturity in the autumn season. Green trees with ripe fruits are looking everywhere. 

Stanza--2

In the second stanza, the poet represents the autumn season in many forms on the fields. He personifies autumn as a harvester, a reaper. a gleaner and in the last a cider- presser. At first, the poet personifies Autumn as a harvester who is sitting near her crop. Her soft hair is flowing in the moving air. after it, he represents autumn as a crop reaper who is sleeping near his half reaped crop and after it, the poet represents autumn as a gleaner who is going to home fruits which she has gathered in a day. 

She is an expert in crossing the river without losing her balance. At last the poet describes autumn as a cider-press. Thus the poet describes autumn in various forms of persons. Thus Keats is successful to give autumn a great personality. The works of the autumn in every form are very important. 

Stanza--3

After describing the various occupations of the autumn season the poet describes the various sounds of autumn. The poet says that the autumn does not have sweet music like spring season. Therefore the poet is sad. He does not hear the sweet song in the autumn season. But after some time he becomes normal as every season has its own beauty and music. according to the poet, autumn has its own beauty and music. the poet hears the sounds of autumn in the evening at the time of sun setting. a beautiful shine looks on the field of reaped crop leaving the stumps behind. 

The clouds seem to the poet like the bars of a stove. And the sad sound of insects makes their own music. These insects are flying near the riverside among the shrub. the poet also hears the bleating sound of lambs near the hills. The chirping of the swallows also can be heard in the autumn season. Now Keats is happy after hearing the different sounds of different birds and insects in the autumn. Thus the poet is happy to see the beauty of the glorious music of the autumn season.

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Ode to a Nightingale by John Keats...Summary and analysis

Ode to a Nightingale by John Keats...Summary and analysis

Ode to a Nightingale by John Keats

Summary

The popular poem"Ode to a Nightingale" was composed by John Keats. It was written when Keats was at Wentworth palace, Hempstead with his friend Charles Brown. He got inspiration to compose this poem from a bird nightingale which had built its nest near the house of the poet. One day Keats went to the garden and sit there for some time. There he heard the melodious song of a nightingale. He felt an extreme joy to hear her sing. Then he composed the poem sitting under a plum tree hearing the song of the nightingale. Thus the poet expresses the feelings of joy while hearing the song of the nightingale. 

This poem was first published in "Annals of the Fine Arts". It is a poem of 80 lines. It has eight stanzas. The poem is rich in sensuous imagination. The diction of the poem is sublime and sweet. The poet is famous for his picturesqueness. He is an expert in composing poetical pictorial poetry. He is also famous for his use of Hellenism in his poetry. The poem is an excellent example of romantic poetry.

The poem"Ode to a Nightingale" describes the beauty of the song of the nightingale. Nightingale's song represents a world of perfect beauty and extreme joy. According to Keats, the world of the nightingale is an ideal and perfect world. He wants to reach there with the help of wine. After it, he wants to reach there through his poetic imagination as he is a poet. He wishes to drink the water of the river of forgetfulness to reach in the world of Nightingale after forgetting his actual or real world. He is very happy to see the happiness of the nightingale. 

Ode to a Nightingale...analysis stanza wise

Stanza--1

In the first stanza, the poet hears the song of the nightingale. After hearing the song, he feels the pain in his heart not because of any sorrow but it is by the excess of joy. The poet is not jealous of the happiness of the nightingale. He also wants to reach in the world of the nightingale with the help of wine or opium drug or the water of the river of forgetfulness where the bird is singing with full throat.  

Stanza--2

In the second stanza, the poet wants to drink wine that has been kept for a long time under the earth. The poet believes that wine will inspire the poet in the same way as the water of Hippocrene inspired the people who drank it. After it, the poet compares the wine cup with the blushes of the girl.

Stanza--3

In the third stanza, the poet again wants to go away from his real world of pain and misery. He wants to forget the real world and its pain and wants to live in a world of imagination.

Stanza--4

Here, the poet wants to reach in the world of the nightingale. But now he leaves the thought of drinking wine. Instead of it, he wants to fly with wings of poetry. The world of nightingale seems to the poet very beautiful. The moon is looking beautiful surrounded by the shining stars.

Stanza--5

Here, the poet says that he can not see flowers properly due to darkness but he can smell the sweet fragrance of the flowers of the May. He can also recognize flowers by its smell. The poet also recognizes musk rose by its smell. Musk rose is the favorite flower for the honey bees. 

Stanza--6

Here, the poet thinks about death while hearing the song of the nightingale in the darkness. He says that he hates the world of pain. He wants to die but his death will not be painful for him because the nightingale sings a melodious song for him. It will be a mourning song on his death. The poet wants to die hearing the sweet song of the nightingale. 

Stanza--7

According to the poet, the nightingale is an immortal bird. She was not born to die. The selfish and greedy people can not destroy her generation. The poet further says that the kings and farmers also heard the sweet song of the nightingale. He thinks that Ruth also must have heard this song when he felt alone in the cornfield of a foreign country. He believes that the song also must have its effect upon the windows of a castle in the isolate seashore.

Stanza--8

In the last stanza, the poet comes back to the real world from his world of imagination. He feels himself alone in the world again. Keats bids farewell to the nightingale's song and comes back to face the realities of life. The nightingale flies away from the sight of the poet. Thus the voice of the bird becomes inaudible for the poet. The last stanza of the poem is full of sadness because the poet's illusion has broken and he has to come back to his real consciousness and the real world. Thus we can not live forever in the world of imagination. We have to come back to our real world.

                                                                                                                  

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Three Years she Grew in Sun and Shower|Wordsworth|Summary and Analysis

Three Years She Grew in Sun and Shower by Wordsworth|Summary and Analysis 

Three Years she Grew in Sun and Shower

Summary

The poem 'Three Years She Grew in Sun and Shower' was composed by the great nature poet William Wordsworth in 1799 in Germany. It was first published in The Lyrical Ballads in 1800. Wordsworth wrote about five poems on Lucy. It was one of the most famous poems in his collection of Lucy poems. Lucy is a lovely creation of nature. The poet expresses his feelings for nature in an impressive way. 

According to the poet, nature can bring up a child better than human beings. In this poem, Lucy, a girl child lives in the lap of nature completely for three years. Nature guides her very well in her natural atmosphere. Lucy is very happy in the company of nature and its objects. She learns many things from natural objects like flowers, grass, leaves, clouds, and even storms. 
also read........How to live stress free life

Thus Lucy becomes a healthy and lovely lady in the natural surroundings of Nature. But she dies very soon at a very young age. Therefore the poet is very sad about the death of Lucy. The poet is very upset to remember her memories. The poet expresses his feelings after the death of Lucy. This poem describes how Nature brings up Lucy in a natural way.

Three Years She Grew in Sun and Shower...Poem Analysis Stanza wise

Stanza--1

According to the poet, Lucy was brought up by nature as a guide for three years. Lucy enjoyed in the lap of nature completely. After passing three years in Sun and shower nature compares Lucy to the loveliest flower on earth. Lucy seems to nature very charming like a beautiful flower. So nature decides to adopt Lucy and bring up. Nature wants to bring up Lucy according to her own way. She wants to make Lucy cultured and disciplined like her.
also read....daffodils poem by Wordsworth

Stanza--2

Nature cares for Lucy wherever she goes in the hilly areas, the plains, on the earth or in the sky. She goes with her everywhere to take care of her. Nature always guides her in her works and stimulates her energies. She always inspires her to have noble thoughts. 

Stanza--3

According to the poet nature always will guide Lucy to keep her on the right path. Lucy also will feel happy like a young deer who jumps and plays in the grassy land. She will also enjoy the company of nature and its objects. She will be calm in the peaceful atmosphere of nature. She will feel the fragrance of the flowers.

Stanza--4

According to the poet, Nature will teach Lucy important lessons of life. She will teach her the qualities of nature. Lucy will learn the value of freedom from free movements of clouds. She will learn softness and flexibility from the willows trees. She will also learn from fearful storms to live in a graceful manner. In fact she will learn from nature to be calm and peaceful in every situation of life. Thus nature will teach her according to her own way of teaching.

Stanza--5

According to the poet, the shining stars of midnight surely will attract Lucy towards them. She will be attracted towards the small rivers after listening to their sweet sounds. Nature believes that the face of Lucy will shine after hearing the murmuring sound of small rivers. Her personality will be charming and graceful.

Stanza--6

According to the poet, in the company of nature Lucy will grow and change into the graceful figure. She will be changed into a beautiful lady. Her heart will be filled with extreme joy and happiness. Nature will teach her according to her own way. she will fill her heart with noble and cheerful thoughts under the education of nature. Lucy will grow in a beautiful and graceful personality.

Stanza--7

Here, in the last stanza of the poem, the poet says that nature has turned Lucy into a graceful lady as she said but she did not know that Lucy would die very soon. Lucy died at a very young age. Lucy left nature alone. Nature is also very sad to think that Lucy will never come again. Thus the poet is also sad about the death of Lucy.

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Laodamia...by Wordsworth...Summary

Laodamia...by Wordsworth...Summary

Laodamia...by Wordsworth...Summary

The famous poem 'Laodamia' was composed by the great nature poet William Wordsworth in 1814. It was published in 1815. It is a long narrative poem of 174 lines. It has twenty-six stanzas of six lines each. It is written in verse. They are marked by alternate rhymes. The poem Laodamia is written in iambic pentameter. It is a highly dramatic poem in which the poet expresses the emotions of Laodamia in an impressive way. It is a classical story of ancient Greece. 

The poem revolves around Laodamia, the queen of Thessaly in ancient Greece. King Protesilaus was her husband who was killed by Hector, the great Trojan warrior. The poem starts with the request of Laodamia to Jove(the chief of the Greek Gods) to give her husband back to her. She is the main character in the poem as the title of the poem is also after her name. Laodamia was very sad after the death of his husband Protesilaus. She sacrificed an animal before the rising sun to please Jove who was the chief of the Greek Gods to send her husband's soul to her. After her prayer, her husband was sent to her only for three hours. 

She was not allowed to touch her husband. She could see him face to face and converse with him. She became very happy to see her husband. She became very excited and tried to embrace her husband but she could not touch him because he was not in physical form. He was now a soul. After it, she requested her husband to talk to her as he used to talk when he was alive. Hermes warned Laodamia that Protesilaus was allowed only to converse with her. 

Protesilaus was killed by Hector, a Trojan hero because according to the prophecy of the Oracle at Delphi that the first Greek who would touch sea coast of Trojan would be killed. and Protesilaus was the first person to touch the Trojan coast. So he was killed by Hector, a Trojan hero. Laodamia admired her husband for his courage. She requested him to marry her again. 
She wanted to live a happy life with her husband again. So she tried to impress her husband with her love but her husband advised her to be calm and control her feelings because it was not possible for him. Then Laodamia gave him examples of many people who came back after their death and lived a happy married life on earth. She told him that she could not forget him. If he went away from her she would surely follow him.

After it, Protesilaus told him about heaven where only dutiful persons lived. There was no fear and conflict. He told her that he loved her and was sad to remain away from her but it was of no use. Therefore he gave advice to her to pass a peaceful life facing all the problems of the world. After three hours, Hermes came to take Protesilaus back to Heaven with him. Laodamia wanted to embrace him at least once but it did not happen. She fainted and fell down on the ground.

After it, she died and was sent to Hell to pass her days as she was weak so she was sent to Hell to pass her life without her husband who was in heaven. After the death of Laodamia, a group of trees grew on the tomb of Protesilaus. There is a tradition that the trees on the tomb grow high but as soon as they reach the height of walls of Troy they fade. Again they grow and fade again. This goes on for many ages. Thus the poem Laodamia is of precious quality. It is an excellent example of both romantic and classical elements. The poem is sublime in diction but simple in language.

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Main characters ......Pride and Prejudice

Main characters ......Pride and Prejudice

Mr and Mrs Bennet ----Mr. And Mrs Bennet lived in the village of longbourn. They had five daughters, Jane, Elizabeth, Catherine, Mary and Lydia. Being the mother of five daughters, Mrs Bennet was worried about the marriage of their daughters. 

Elizabeth---She was the main character in this novel. She was the second daughter of Mrs Bennet. She was a very intelligent girl.

Darcy---He was also the main character in the novel. He was a rich, good-looking gentleman. He had proud of his property and wealth. He was a friend of Mr Bingley.

Mr Bingley--- He was an unmarried young man. He was very rich and gentle in his nature. He came to stay in Netherfield near to Longbourn. He was the lover of Jane, the eldest daughter of Mrs Bennet.

Jane--- She was the eldest daughter of Mrs Bennet. She was a very beautiful girl. She was the beloved of Mr Bingley.

Lydia—She was the Youngest daughter of Mrs Bennet. She was the tallest of the all her sisters. 

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Main characters in the play |Othello

 Main characters in the play |Othello 

Othello--He was a respected Moor. He belonged to a royal class. He was  Military general in the Venetian Army and earned the faith of the Duke of Venice. He was an Egyptian Moor by birth. He came to Venice traveling from Egypt in his childhood but as he was in Venice, he accepted Christianity and the Venetian culture.As he was an outsider in Venice but he had achieved greatness by his great deeds, devotion and sincerity. He is the hero of this tragedy. 

Desdemona--She was the daughter of Brabantio, a powerful senator of Venice. She was a very beautiful girl with a noble character. She was in love with Othello.

Brabantio--He was the father of Desdemona. His wife had died. He was a powerful senator of Venice. 

Iago-- He was a low paid soldier in the army of Venice. He was a flag bearer. He was a jealous, selfish and cunning young man  He was a bad looking man of twenty-eight years. He was married to Emilia who worked as a maid in Brabantio's house. 

Emilia-- She was the wife of Iago. She worked in Brabantio's house and attended on Desdemona as her maid.

Roderigo-- He was a young man of Venice. He was also in love with Desdemona and wanted to make her his wife. He hired Iago to arrange his meeting with Desdemona.

Cassio-- Michael Cassio was a good looking young man. He belonged to a good family. He had a charming personality. he was a rich bachelor. He was a man of good nature. He was familiar to Desdemona. He acted as a middleman between Othello and Desdemona. He was appointed lieutenant by Othello. Cassio had a weakness for wine. When he was too much drunk, he was out of control.

Monsanto--He was the Governor of Cyprus before coming of Othello to Cyprus.

Grantiano-- He was the brother of Brabantio. 

Bianca-- She was a girl who was in love with Cassio.

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Ode: Intimations of Immortality by Wordsworth|Summary

Ode: Intimations of Immortality by Wordsworth|Summary

Ode intimations of Immortality

The famous poem 'Ode: Intimations of Immortality' was written by the very popular poet William Wordsworth. Wordsworth wrote four stanzas of this ode in 1802 and he added seven stanzas in it in 1806. Thus there are 11 stanzas in this ode. 

It is one of the greatest odes of Wordsworth. He finished this ode while residing in Grasmere. In the beginning, the poet gives it the simple name ode but later on, he gave it a long title 'Ode: Intimations of Immortality From Recollections of Early Childhood'. It was first published in 1807 in his 'Poems in Two Volumes'. 

Ode: Intimations of Immortality--Summary

The main theme of the poem is the experience of childhood, boyhood and manhood. According to the poet, he would see the divine light in his childhood but in his later age, he does not find it. The poet says that when he was a child he would see divine light in all objects of nature. But with his growing age the glory of divine light has gone. 

also read....Daffodils by wordsworth

He says that he used to see the divine light in the meadow, stream, grove, the rose, the moon, the water, the sunshine but it has vanished now. In the spring season, everything is looking happy but the poet is sad. 
He thinks that a baby is surrounded with divine glory and joy but when he grows old all the divine splendor has gone. He says that he is surrounded by the darkness of worldly problems and pains. So he is sad. 
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He says that nature brings up human beings like a mother and gives them never-ending pleasure in his childhood. But when a child grows he forgets all his childhood glory. The poet expresses his feelings by giving the example of a six years old child. He says that a six years old child forgets divine light and becomes busy in his 

toys. 
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He learns the worldly language and words like business, love, and strife. The child forgets his soul's hugeness. He says that when the child grows he forgets the glory of his soul and surrounded with the world and its business. 

He feels heaviness inside because he forgets the divinity of his soul. The poet feels happy to recollect his childhood memories. The poet calls the child the best philosopher because he retains the divine glory. 
The poet is thankful for the blessings of childhood when he was always happy. The child imitates as a grown-up man but the poet advises him not to do that because the life of grown-up people is full of problems when he grows up he will get them automatically.

The poet feels happy to remember the memories of childhood. He is thankful as they are the source of natural feelings and knowledge to help a man look into the inner reality of worldly objects. 
According to the poet, a man can travel much from his childhood. His soul can imagine the ocean of immortality. He can enjoy his childhood moments again with the reminiscences of childhood.The poet asks the birds to sing happy songs for him as they used to sing in his childhood days. He also asks lambs to jump and dance. 

He says that he can support them to celebrate spring but only in imagination. The poet knows that those boyhood days have gone and will never come again but still he is happy to think that he has more experience in his grown life.
 His mind has become philosophical with the growing age. It is also a great achievement for the poet.The poet says that his love for natural objects will never finish. His love for them has become natural. For the poet, the most ordinary flower can fill his heart with joy while tears cannot express them deeply.

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Ode to Duty....... by Wordsworth...Summary

Ode to Duty by Wordsworth...Summary

Ode To Duty

Summary

The popular poem 'Ode To Duty' was composed by William Wordsworth in 1805. It was published in his 'Poems in Two Volumes' in 1807. In this poem the poet personifies duty as a goddess. He got inspiration to compose this ode from Gray's 'Ode To Adversity' in which he personifies 'Adversity'. According to the poet duty is the most  important part in the life of human beings. He personifies duty as the strict daughter of God. This poem is in the form of ode. An ode in which somebody is addressed. Like this, the duty is addressed in the poem 'Ode To Duty'.
The poet compares duty to the light that shows the right path to human beings. It guides human beings to do the right things in life. It helps a man in removing mental conflicts and also help to overcome fears in his life. The poet says that there are also some persons who do not require the help of duty to do the right things in their life. They do them naturally as their inner voice guide them to do it. They are happy persons. They are  men of noble characters. If sometimes they fail to perform their duty well then duty helps them to choose the right path.

The poet says that it will be very nice when people will perform their duty according to their inner voice and will feel satisfied to do them. As inner voice never can be wrong. They will be happy to do so. But when they feel any confusion in their life then they want the help of duty. The poet expresses his feelings that when he was young he liked the freedom and did their works according to his comfort. He was a lover of his freedom. He always selected the easy path to go. Because the way of duty is not so easy. But now he decides to follow the right path of duty.

an style="font-size: large;">The poet chooses the right path to follow not because of his mental conflicts but he knows the importance of the right of duty. The poet now wants to live a happy and peaceful life. Duty is a strict daughter of God's voice. According to the poet, duty is always hard to perform but she has very kind expressions. She has always a  divine smile on her face. Like human beings, the objects of nature also perform their duty. As flowers bloom in the garden and spread their fragrance all around because it is their duty to spread fragrance all around. As all the planets move in their direction always performing their duty to the universe. 

Here Wordsworth invokes the duty to help him to perform his works well as she is powerful. The poet says that his works are not very sublime in nature. He requests duty to guide him always to follow the right path. He further says that he wants to be under the guidance of duty. He prays again Duty to give enough mental power to sacrifice himself for the good of others. He says that he needs enough courage for it. After being kind he has become now more and more intelligent to perform his duties well for the sake of others. The poet prays her to give him the power of self-confidence to pass his life truthfully.

Thus the poem 'Ode To Duty' has a universal appeal. It teaches the importance of duty in the development of human personality. It contains the poet's personal and confessional elements. Thus the poem reflects the development of the poet's mind. It has both novelty and sublimity in its theme. Its conception of duty makes it more splendor forever. The ode has seven stanzas of eight lines each. The meter is iambic tetrameter of first seven lines of each stanza but the eighth line is in iambic hexameter. The rhyming scheme of each stanza is different.

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William Wordsworth|biography&Works

William Wordsworth

William Wordsworth|biography&Works

William Wordsworth|biography&Works

The famous English romantic poet William Wordsworth was born at Cockermouth in Cumberland, England, April 7, 1770. His father John Wordsworth was 'attorney-at-law'. Both of his parents died when he was a boy. He went to St. John's College, Cambridge in 1787. He was a high priest of nature. He was the first romantic poet influenced by the French Revolution. He got married to Mary Hutchinson. At the university, he composed some poetry which appeared in 1793. The collections which appeared at the university was An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches.

The first fruit of Wordsworth's genius was seen in the "Lyrical Ballads". It was published in 1798 at Bristol. It was a joint production of Wordsworth and Coleridge. He composed some of his finest poems in 1798-99. The total number of poems induced in Lyrical Ballads is 23. Wordsworth's purpose in Lyrical Ballads was to make the familiar unfamiliar. Lyrical Ballads opens with Coleridge's Rime of the Ancient Mariner and ends with Tintern Abbey. 

The credit for originating the Romantic Movement goes to the great poet Wordsworth. Age of Wordsworth is also called Romantic age. It starts from 1798 with the publication of the Lyrical Ballads. Wordsworth has been attacked by Robert Browning in the poem "The Lost Leader". The name of Wordsworth's sister was Dorothy. He was appointed poet laureate in 1843. He died in 1850.

• His main works

• The Prelude(autobiographical poem)
• The Excursion
• Lucy Gray
• The Leach Gatherer
• Michael
• The Daffodils
• To the Cuckoo
• The Solitary Reaper
• Ode To Duty
• Tintern Abbey
• To Milton (London,1802)
• The World Is Too Much with Us
• Ode on Intimations Of Immortality    
• The French Revolution

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